CLINICAL PROFILE OF INTRACARDIAC THROMBUS PATIENTS AT DR. M. DJAMIL HOSPITAL PADANG (2023–2024)

A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Intracardiac thrombus is a blood clot formed within the heart chambers and can increase the risk of systemic embolism, morbidity, and mortality. Data regarding the profile of intracardiac thrombus patients in Indonesia remain limited.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the profile of intracardiac thrombus patients at Dr. M. Djamil Central General Hospital Padang during 2023–2024.

Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study using medical records and echocardiography results of patients diagnosed with intracardiac thrombus. Samples were obtained using a total sampling technique. The variables analyzed included demographic characteristics, precipitating factors, comorbidities, cardiovascular risk factors, thrombus location, complications, and management. 

Results: A total of 96 patients with intracardiac thrombus were identified, increasing from 41 cases in 2023 to 55 cases in 2024. The mean age was 56.2 ± 12.1 years, with a predominance of males (82.3%). The most common precipitating factors were chronic heart failure (89.6%), valvular heart disease (86.5%), and coronary heart disease (68.8%). The most frequent comorbidity was renal impairment (10.4%). A history of smoking was found in 72.9% of patients, while obesity was present in 27.1%. The most common thrombus location was the left ventricle (79%), followed by the left atrium (17%). Embolic complications occurred in 4.2% of patients. Anticoagulant therapy was the main treatment (93.8%).

Conclusion: Intracardiac thrombus is most frequently found in middle-aged to elderly male patients, with chronic heart failure, valvular disease, and coronary heart disease as the main precipitating factors. The left ventricle was the most common site, with embolic complications being rare, and anticoagulants serving as the primary therapy.

Keyword: retrospective descriptive, echocardiography, heart failure